双面中国

双面中国――致读者

与古罗马门神雅努斯有着两张脸一样,在世界眼中古老而又新鲜的中国也有两张脸。只是雅努斯的那两张脸分别面向过去与未来,而中国的两张脸却是富裕与贫穷。

雅努斯同时向世界展示他的两张脸,而中国总喜欢遮掩住其中一张脸。大多数时候,中国政府只愿意展示那张显示富裕与强大的脸;只有在极偶然的情况下,比如要履行国际责任时,中国政府才愿意强调自己还是发展中国家。

于是观察中国就成了各取所需的行当。有人看到了中国富裕强大的一面,比如多年以来GDP高速增长的神话让有些人惊呼:中国很快要赶超美国、欧盟与日本,成为世界强国;在金融危机袭来时,各国人看紧了荷包,而中国却成了世界第二奢侈品消费大国,据说很快就要问鼎第一的宝座。于是中国在不少人眼中成了将拯救世界经济的诺亚方舟。一些外国人被上海北京的冒险家生活所吸引,自愿成为中国的外宣专家。被中国媒体高调介绍并被称为“新一代的埃德加•斯诺”的美国花旗银行执行董事库恩(Robert Lawrence Kuhn),制作了一系列介绍中国的宣传品,如《他改变了中国:江泽民传》,《中国三十年》等。通过库恩的宣传,美国人看到了中国的繁荣与中国领导人的伟大。

但中国那恶劣的人权状态与几亿贫困人口的存在,却时不时地让世界看到了它的落后与丑陋。世界看到了中国那动辄贪污数千万上亿的腐败官员与他们那移民海外的亲属子女,看到了中国官员那不堪入目的情色日记,看到了中国的黑窑奴工,看到了富士康的十二连跳事件,看到了中国庞大的性产业中的可怜女子。在北京呆过的外国记者们也都知道“访民”这一中国特色的产物,……所有这些,被官方宣传粉饰成发展中必须支付的代价,是一片大光明中的小阴影。供职于《纽约时报》的摄影记者杜斌凭良知制作的《上访者 》、《上海 骷髅地》与《北京的鬼》则纪录了这个时代社会底层人士被强大的国家机器碾压的悲惨故事。

总之,贫与富,贵与贱、权势者的嚣张与无权者的卑微,一掷万金的奢侈品消费与无钱埋葬亲人被迫弃尸的穷苦无告,构成了今天中国极端对立的两张面孔,时时在刺激着世人,挑战着人类的道德底线。

现实证明,与其说中国的经济发展受益于技术进步,还不如说仍然依靠最原始的资源――土地、矿产与廉价劳动力。2010年,工人要求加薪的罢工潮、频繁发生的生态灾害与中国GDP总量排名第二接踵而来,一块硬币的两面――以牺牲劳工生命福利与透支生态环境作基础的中国经济高速增长以让中国人再也无法回避,GDP神话似乎已接近终结。

32 comments

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